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When a vent forms, new lava on the ocean floor around the vent becomes covered with a thick mat of bacteria. Despite their unusual nature, faunas based on chemosynthesis are tied together by food webs similar to those of better-known communities. The hydrothermal vent food web below has four layers: Primary producers are the original source of food in the vent ecosystem, using chemical energy to create organic molecules. All other life depends on primary producers, and they have the greatest biomass in the community. Primary producers in hydrothermal vent communities are _____. A) eyeless shrimp B) giant clams C) sulfur-oxidizing archaea D) Riftia tubeworms E) algae Crabs, amphipods, predatory fish and even other microorganisms, including bacteria, have been observed to feed directly on the chemoautotrophic or chemoheterotrophic primary producers (Karl, 1995). What new insights are hydrothermal vent communities offering to environmental microbiologists?

No sunlight penetrates that deep, so there is no sunlight for photosynthesis. Instead, bacteria use chemosynthesis. They take the chemicals in the water shooting out of the vents In a terrestrial ecosystem, major producers are herbaceous and woody plants. Likewise, primary producers in an aquatic ecosystem are various species like phytoplankton, algae and higher plants.

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What new insights are hydrothermal vent communities offering to environmental microbiologists? Primary producers in hydrothermal vent communities are: sulfuroxidizing archaea.

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A well-developed ecosystem at a hydrothermal vent in the Pacific Ocean includes tubeworms (with the red plumes) and mussels (the yellow shellfish). The fluffy white stuff on these rocks is biofilm made of millions of bacteria and the gooey slime they produce.
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Primary consumers get their energy directly from the primary producers by eating or living symbiotically with them. Phytoplankton is photosynthetic unicellular algae, which are the primary producers of the marine ecosystem.

Hydrothermal vent. A hot spring on the ocean floor, where heated fluids exit from cracks in the Earth's crust.
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Tube production rates we re measured for worms maintaine d alive in pressure aquaria (G aill et al, 1997). Deep-sea hydrothermal vents are considered to be one of the most spectacular ecosystems on Earth. Microorganisms form the basis of the food chain in vents controlling the vent communities.

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from marine surface water and ice to deep sea subsurface sediment [3,42]. Total Mayen vent field [200] sediments (Figure S2, Paper III). five main reasons: 1. Deep seabed mining operations would create significant pollution and environmental destruction. 2.

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Hydrothermal vent communities are able to sustain such vast amounts of life because vent organisms depend on chemosynthetic bacteria for food.

Here, we have investigated how microbial communities and chemical energy availabilities vary along cross-sections of Hydrothermal vent communities are found in all the world’s oceans where new ocean floor is being created, such as at mid-ocean ridges and back-arc basins (Fisher et al. 2007). The discovery of vents expanded the general perception of where life can thrive, because the primary source of energy in vent systems is chemical instead of solar PDF | Hydrothermal systems are excellent natural laboratories for the study of how chemical energy landscapes shape microbial communities.